Oration to the Greeks 36

Summary: Even if Homer lived at the time of the Trojan War, Moses is far older; the Babylonian historian Berossus confirms the biblical account of Nebuchadnezzar.

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Greek text · Otto 6:140–144

Πλὴν Ὅμηρος ἔστω μὴ ὕστερον τῶν Ἰλιακῶν, ἀλλὰ κατʼ ἐκεῖνον αὐτὸν ὑπειλήφθω τὸν τοῦ πολέμου καιρόν, ἔτι δὲ καὶ τοῖς περὶ τὸν Ἀγαμέμνονα συστρατεύεσθαι, καὶ εἰ βούλεταί τις πρὶν καὶ τῶν στοιχείων γεγονέναι τὴν εὕρεσιν. Φανήσεται γὰρ ὁ προειρημένος Μωυσῆς αὐτῆς μὲν τῆς Ἰλιακῆς ἁλώσεως πρεσβύτερος πάνυ πολλοῖς ἔτεσι γεγονώς, τῆς δὲ Ἰλίου κτίσεως καὶ τοῦ Τρωὸς καὶ Δαρδάνου λίαν ἀρχαιότερος. Ἀποδείξεως δὲ ἕνεκεν μάρτυσι χρήσομαι Χαλδαίοις, Φοίνιξιν, Αἰγυπτίοις. Καὶ τί μοι λέγειν πλείονα; χρὴ γὰρ τὸν πείθειν ἐπαγγελλόμενον συντομωτέρας ποιεῖσθαι τὰς περὶ τῶν πραγμάτων πρὸς τοὺς ἀκούοντας διηγήσεις. Βηρωσὸς ἀνὴρ Βαβυλώνιος, ἱερεὺς τοῦ παρʼ αὐτοῖς Βήλου, κατʼ Ἀλέξανδρον γεγονώς, Ἀντιόχῳ τῷ μετʼ αὐτὸν τρίτῳ τὴν Χαλδαίων ἱστορίαν ἐν τρισὶ βιβλίοις κατατάξας καὶ τὰ περὶ τῶν βασιλέων ἐκθέμενος, ἀφηγεῖταί τινος αὐτῶν ὄνομα Ναβουχοδονόσορ, τοῦ στρατεύσαντος ἐπὶ Φοίνικας καὶ Ἰουδαίους· ἅτινα διὰ τῶν καθʼ ἡμᾶς προφητῶν ἴσμεν κεκηρυγμένα, γεγονότα μὲν πολὺ τῆς Μωυσέως ἡλικίας κατώτερα, πρὸ δὲ τῆς Περσῶν ἡγεμονίας ἔτεσιν ἑβδομήκοντα. Βηρωσὸς δέ ἐστιν ἀνὴρ ἱκανώτατος· καὶ τούτου τεκμήριον Ἰόβας, ὅς, Περὶ Ἀσσυρίων γράφων, παρὰ Βηρωσοῦ φησι μεμαθηκέναι τὴν ἱστορίαν. Εἰσὶ δὲ αὐτῷ βίβλοι Περὶ Ἀσσυρίων δύο.

English · Claude translation

But let it be granted that Homer was not later than the Trojan War; let him be supposed to have lived at the very time of the war, and even to have served in the army with Agamemnon, and, if anyone wishes, to have lived before the invention of letters. For the Moses I spoke of will be shown to be older by very many years than the capture of Troy itself, and far more ancient than the founding of Troy and than Tros and Dardanus. For proof I will use as witnesses Chaldeans, Phoenicians, and Egyptians. And why should I say more? One who undertakes to persuade must give his hearers rather brief accounts of the facts. Berossus, a Babylonian, priest of their god Bel, who lived in the time of Alexander, composed for Antiochus, the third after him, the history of the Chaldeans in three books; and in setting out the history of the kings he tells of one of them named Nebuchadnezzar, who made war on the Phoenicians and the Jews. We know that these events were proclaimed by our prophets; they happened much later than the age of Moses, seventy years before the rule of the Persians. Berossus is a most reliable man; proof of this is Juba, who, writing On the Assyrians, says that he learned the history from Berossus. He has two books On the Assyrians.

About this passage

Source
Otto 6:140–144 · Johann Carl Theodor Otto, ed., Tatiani Oratio ad Graecos, Corpus apologetarum Christianorum saeculi secundi 6 (Jena: Mauke, 1851) · Greek text: J. C. T. Otto, Tatiani Oratio ad Graecos (Corpus apologetarum Christianorum saeculi secundi 6, 1851), digitized by the Perseus Digital Library and published by the First Thousand Years of Greek project (Open Greek and Latin), CC BY-SA 4.0
Text
As printed in Otto, CorpApol 6. Manuscript variants and the editor's apparatus are not reproduced; no textual problem is noted in this passage.
Translation
Claude translation (claude-opus-5-5), 2026-09-26 · Translated by Claude from the Greek text of Otto (1851); made independently of existing English translations.
Compare
Ante-Nicene Fathers, vol. 2 (1885) (an older public-domain English translation, whole volume at CCEL; checked against ours only after ours was made)
Scripture
Topics
Scripture and canon

Notes

Translation notes

  • Berossus's History of Babylonia survives only in fragments; Juba II, king of Mauretania, was a learned writer.
  • “Seventy years before the rule of the Persians”: the seventy years of exile foretold by Jeremiah (Jer 25:11).

Notes on the original text

  • Digital text corrected (misspelling: ἐπαγελλόμενον for ἐπαγγελλόμενον): πείθειν ἐπαγελλόμενον → πείθειν ἐπαγγελλόμενον.

Cite this passage

Tatian, Or. Graec. 36 (trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/tatian-oration/36/).

Plain text
Tatian, Or. Graec. 36 (trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/tatian-oration/36/).

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