Oration to the Greeks 33
Summary: The Greeks honor poetesses, courtesans, and scandalous women with statues, yet mock the chaste Christian women who study God's word.
Greek text · Otto 6:128–132
Διὰ τοῦτο προεθυμήθην ἀπὸ τῶν νομιζομένων παρʼ ὑμῖν τιμίων παριστᾶν ὅτι τὰ μὲν ἡμέτερα σωφρονεῖ, τὰ δὲ ὑμέτερα ἔθη μανίας ἔχεται πολλῆς. Οἱ γὰρ ἐν γυναιξὶ καὶ μειρακίοις, παρθένοις τε καὶ πρεσβύταις φλυαρεῖν ἡμᾶς λέγοντες, καὶ διὰ τὸ μὴ σὺν ὑμῖν εἶναι χλευάζοντες, ἀκούσατε τῶν παρʼ Ἑλλήνων πραγμάτων τὸν λῆρον. Ληραίνει γὰρ διὰ δόξης μᾶλλον πολλῆς τῶν παρʼ ὑμῖν θεῶν τὰ ἐπιτηδεύματα, καὶ διὰ τῆς γυναικωνίτιδος ἀσχημονεῖτε. Πράξιλλαν μὲν γὰρ Λύσιππος ἐχαλκούργησεν, μηδὲν εἰποῦσαν διὰ τῶν ποιημάτων χρήσιμον, Λεαρχίδα δὲ Μενέστρατος, Σιλανίων δὲ Σαπφὼ τὴν ἑταίραν, Ἤρινναν τὴν Λεσβίαν Ναυκύδης, Βοΐσκος Μυρτίδα, Μυρὼ τὴν Βυζαντίαν Κηφισόδοτος, Γόμφος Πραξιγορίδα καὶ Ἀμφίστρατος Κλειτώ. Τί γὰρ μοι περὶ Ἀνύτης λέγειν, Τελεσίλλης τε καὶ Μυστίδος; Τῆς μὲν γὰρ Εὐθυκράτης τε καὶ Κηφισόδοτος, τῆς δὲ Νικήρατος, τῆς δὲ Ἀριστόδοτός εἰσιν οἱ δημιουργοί· Μνησιαρχίδος τῆς Ἐφεσίας Εὐθυκράτης, Κορίννης Σιλανίων, Θαλαρχίδος τῆς Ἀργείας Εὐθυκράτης. Ταύτας δὲ εἰπεῖν προυθυμήθην, ἵνα μηδὲ παρʼ ἡμῖν ξένον τι πράττεσθαι νομίζητε, καὶ συγκρίναντες τὰ ὑπʼ ὄψιν ἐπιτηδεύματα μὴ χλευάζητε τὰς παρʼ ἡμῖν φιλοσοφούσας. Καὶ ἡ μὲν Σαπφὼ γύναιον πορνικὸν ἐρωτομανές, καὶ τὴν ἑαυτῆς ἀσέλγειαν ᾄδει· πᾶσαι δὲ αἱ παρʼ ἡμῖν σωφρονοῦσι, καὶ περὶ τὰς ἠλακάτας αἱ παρθένοι τὰ κατὰ θεὸν λαλοῦσιν ἐκφωνήματα τῆς παρʼ ὑμῖν παιδὸς σπουδαιότερον. Τούτου χάριν αἰδέσθητε, μαθηταὶ μὲν ὑμεῖς τῶν γυναίων εὑρισκόμενοι, τὰς δὲ σὺν ἡμῖν πολιτευομένας σὺν τῇ μετʼ αὐτῶν πανηγύρει χλευάζοντες. Τί γὰρ ὑμῖν ἡ Γλαυκίππη σεμνὸν εἰσηγήσατο παιδίον, ἥτις τεράστιον ἐγέννησεν, καθὼς δείκνυσιν αὐτῆς ἡ εἰκών, Νικηράτου τοῦ Εὐκτήμονος Ἀθηναίου τὸ γένος χαλκεύσαντος; Εἰ γὰρ ἐκύησεν ἐλέφαντα, τί τὸ αἴτιον τοῦ δημοσίας ἀπολαύσαι τιμῆς τὴν Γλαυκίππην; Φρύνην τε τὴν ἑταίραν ὑμῖν Πραξιτέλης καὶ Ἡρόδοτος πεποιήκασι, καὶ Παντευχίδα συλλαμβάνουσαν ἐκ φθορέως Εὐθυκράτης ἐχαλκούργησεν. Βησαντίδα, τὴν Παιόνων βασίλισσαν, ὅτι παιδίον μέλαν ἐκύησε, Δεινομένης διὰ τῆς ἑαυτοῦ τέχνης μνημονεύεσθαι παρεσκεύασεν. Ἐγὼ καὶ Πυθαγόρου κατέγνωκα, τὴν Εὐρώπην ἐπὶ τοῦ ταύρου καθιδρύσαντος, καὶ ὑμῶν, οἵτινες τοῦ Διὸς τὸν κατήγορον διὰ τὴν ἐκείνου τέχνην τετιμήκατε. Γελῶ καὶ τὴν Μύρωνος ἐπιστήμην ποιήσαντος μόσχον, ἐπὶ δὲ αὐτοῦ Νίκην, ὅτι τὴν Ἀγήνορος ἁρπάσας θυγατέρα μοιχείας καὶ ἀκρασίας βραβεῖον ἀπηνέγκατο. Τὴν Γλυκέραν τὴν ἑταίραν καὶ Ἀργείαν τὴν ψάλτριαν ὁ Ὀλύνθιος Ἡρόδοτος κατεσκεύασεν. Βρύαξις Πασιφάην ἔστησεν, ἧς τὴν ἀσέλγειαν μνημονεύσαντες μονονουχὶ καὶ τὰς γυναῖκας τὰς νῦν τοιαύτας εἶναι προῄρησθε. Μελανίππη τις ἦν σοφή· διὰ τοῦτο ταύτην ὁ Λυσίστρατος ἐδημιούργησεν. Ἦ ὑμεῖς δὲ εἶναι παρʼ ἡμῖν σοφὰς οὐ πεπιστεύκατε.
English · Claude translation
This is why I was eager to show, from what you yourselves hold in honor, that our ways are sober-minded, while your customs are possessed by great madness. You who say that we talk nonsense among women and youths, virgins and old women, and who mock us for not being with you, hear the nonsense of Greek affairs. The practices of your gods are all the more foolish for being so famous, and you disgrace yourselves through your women's quarters. Lysippus cast in bronze Praxilla, who said nothing useful in her poems; Menestratus cast Learchis; Silanion, Sappho the courtesan; Naucydes, Erinna of Lesbos; Boiscus, Myrtis; Cephisodotus, Myro of Byzantium; Gomphus, Praxigoris; and Amphistratus, Cleito. Why should I speak of Anyte, Telesilla, and Mystis? The makers of the first were Euthycrates and Cephisodotus, of the second Niceratus, of the third Aristodotus. Euthycrates made Mnesiarchis of Ephesus; Silanion, Corinna; Euthycrates, Thalarchis of Argos. I was eager to mention these women so that you will not think that anything strange is done among us, and so that, comparing the practices before your eyes, you will not mock the women among us who pursue philosophy. Sappho was a lewd, love-crazed woman who sings of her own licentiousness; but all our women are chaste, and our virgins at their distaffs speak of the things of God more earnestly than that girl of yours. Be ashamed, then, you who turn out to be disciples of women, yet mock the women who live among us and the assembly they belong to. What noble thing did Glaucippe introduce to you, who gave birth to a monster, as her statue shows, cast in bronze by Niceratus son of Euctemon, an Athenian by birth? If she conceived an elephant, why should Glaucippe enjoy public honor? Praxiteles and Herodotus made Phryne the courtesan for you, and Euthycrates cast in bronze Panteuchis, who conceived by a seducer. Deinomenes by his art saw to it that Besantis, queen of the Paeonians, would be remembered because she bore a black child. I condemn Pythagoras too, who set up Europa on the bull, and you, who have honored the accuser of Zeus because of his art. I laugh too at the skill of Myron, who made a heifer and on it a Victory, because by carrying off Agenor's daughter he won the prize for adultery and lust. Herodotus of Olynthus made Glycera the courtesan and Argeia the harpist. Bryaxis set up Pasiphae, and by commemorating her licentiousness you all but choose that the women of today should be like her. There was a wise woman called Melanippe; for this reason Lysistratus made her statue. And yet you refuse to believe that there are wise women among us!
About this passage
Notes
Translation notes
- The list of sculptors and statues is Tatian's catalogue of works at Rome; many of the names are otherwise unknown, and some may be garbled in transmission.
- “The accuser of Zeus” is the sculptor Pythagoras, whose Europa on the bull publicized Zeus's adultery.
- “The assembly they belong to” renders σὺν τῇ μετʼ αὐτῶν πανηγύρει, apparently the Christian congregation.
Cite this passage
Tatian, Or. Graec. 33 (trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/tatian-oration/33/).
Plain text
Tatian, Or. Graec. 33 (trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/tatian-oration/33/).
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