Against Celsus 8.55
Summary: Celsus says Christians must either leave life altogether or honour the demons who govern it; Origen answers that the only reasonable death is martyrdom, that Christians may marry and must raise their children, and that they resist the demons with God's armour.
Greek text · Koetschau 2:271–272
Ἑξῆς δὲ τούτοις φησὶν ὁ Κέλσος· δυοῖν θάτερον αἱρεῖ λόγος. εἰ μὲν ἀπαξιοῦσι θεραπεύειν τὰ εἰκότα τούτων δὲ ἐπιστάτας, μήτʼ εἰς ἀνδρὸς ἰέναι μήτʼ ἄγεσθαι γυναῖκα μήτʼ ἀναιρεῖσθαι τέκνα μήτʼ ἄλλο πράττειν μηδὲν ἐν τῷ βίῳ. χωρεῖν δʼ ἔνθεν πασσυδὶ μηδὲν σπέρμα ἐλλειπομένους. ὡς ἂν ἐρημωθείη πάμπαν ἐπὶ γῆς τὸ τοιοῦτον γένος· εἰ δὲ καὶ γυναῖκας ἄξονται καὶ παῖδας ποιήσονται καὶ καρπῶν γεύσονται καὶ τῶν ἐν τῷ βίῳ μεθέξουσι καὶ κακῶν τῶν ἐπιτεταγμένων ἀνέξονται (φύσις μὲν γὰρ αὕτη πάντας ἀνθρώπους πειρᾶσθαι κακῶν· εἶναι μὲν γὰρ ἀνάγκη κακὰ, χώραν δʼ ἄλλην οὐκ ἔχει), ἀποδοτέον δὴ τὰς προσηκούσας τοῖς ταῦτʼ ἐπιτετραμμένοις τιμὰς καὶ τῷ βίῳ λειτουργητέον τὰ πρέποντα. μέχρι ἂν τῶν δεσμῶν ἀπολυθῶσι, μὴ καὶ ἀχάριστοι πρὸς τούσδε εἶναι δοκῶσι. καὶ γὰρ ἄδικον μετέχοντας ὧν οἵδε ἔχουσι μηδὲν αὐτοῖς συντελεῖν. φαμὲν δὲ καὶ πρὸς ταῦτα ὅτι εὔλογος ἐξαγωγὴ οὐδεμία ἡμῖν εἶναι δοκεῖ εἰ μὴ ἡ διʼ εὐσέβειαν καὶ ἀρετὴν μόνη. ἐπὰν ὑπὸ τῶν δικάζειν νομιζομένων ἢ ἐξουσίαν τοῦ ζῆν ἡμῶν ἔχειν δοκούντων τὸ ἕτερον προτείνηται, ἢ τὸ ζῆν μετὰ τοῦ παρὰ τὰ διατεταγμένα ὑπὸ τοῦ Ἰησοῦ πράττειν ἢ τὸ ἀποθνῄσκειν μετὰ τοῦ πείθεσθαι τοῖς λόγοις αὐτοῦ. ἀλλὰ καὶ ἄγεσθαι γυναῖκα ἐπέτρεψεν ἡμῖν ὁ θεὸς, ὡς οὐ πάντων χωρούντων τὸ διαφέρον τουτέστι τὸ πάντῃ καθαρὸν, καὶ ἀγομένοις γυναῖκας τὰ γεννώμενα πάντως τρέφειν καὶ μὴ ἀναιρεῖν τὰ ὑπὸ τῆς προνοίας διδόμενα τέκνα. καὶ οὐ μάχεται ταῦτα τῷ μὴ πείθεσθαι ἡμᾶς τοῖς νεμομένοις τὴν γῆν δαιμονίοις· ὁπλισάμενοι γὰρ τῇ πανοπλίᾳ τοῦ θεοῦ ἱστάμεθα ὡς ἀθληταὶ εὐσεβείας πρὸς τὸ τῶν ἐπιβουλευόντων ἡμῖν δαιμόνων γένος.
English · Claude translation
Next after this Celsus says: “Reason chooses one of two courses. If they refuse to serve those who reasonably preside over these things, they should not come to manhood, nor marry a wife, nor raise children, nor do anything else in life, but depart from here with all speed, leaving no seed behind, so that such a race may be utterly wiped out from the earth. But if they will marry wives and beget children and taste fruits and share in the things of life and endure the evils appointed (for it is nature that all men should experience evils; evils must exist, and they have no other place), then they must render the honours due to those entrusted with these things, and perform the fitting services for life until they are set free from their bonds, lest they seem ungrateful to them. For it is unjust to share in what they possess and contribute nothing to them.” We say to this too that no departure from life seems reasonable to us except that alone which is for piety and virtue, when those thought to be judges, or who seem to have power over our lives, set before us the choice: either to live while doing what is contrary to the commands of Jesus, or to die while obeying his words. God has also permitted us to marry a wife, since not all can receive what is superior, that is, what is wholly pure; and, when we have married, by all means to rear those who are born and not to destroy the children given by providence. And these things do not conflict with our not obeying the demons who control the earth; for armed with the whole armour of God we stand as athletes of piety against the race of demons that plot against us.
About this passage
Notes
Translation notes
- The allusions are 1 Cor 7:7–9 and Matt 19:11–12 (not all can receive the higher way of celibacy) and Eph 6:11. “Not to destroy the children” refers to the ancient practice of exposing infants, which Christians rejected.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (missing accent in the digital text): ὡς αν ἐρημωθείη → ὡς ἂν ἐρημωθείη.
Cite this passage
Origen, Cels. 8.55 (trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/origen-celsum/8/55/).
Plain text
Origen, Cels. 8.55 (trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/origen-celsum/8/55/).
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