Against Celsus 1.65
Summary: Jesus' avoiding of danger was prudence, like Aristotle's leaving Athens, and his support from grateful women was no more shameful than philosophers' support from their pupils.
Textual problem in this passage: the printed text is uncertain or disputed here. See the notes.
Greek text · Koetschau 1:118–119
Ἐπεὶ δὲ μὴ προπετεῖς εἶναι διδάσκων τοὺς μαθητὰς ὁ Ἰησοῦς ἔλεγεν αὐτοῖς τό· „ἐὰν διώκωσιν ὑμᾶς ἐν τῇ πόλει ταύτῃ, φεύγετε εἰς τὴν ἑτέραν· κἂν ἐν τῇ ἑτέρᾳ διώκωσι, πάλιν φεύγετε εἰς τὴν ἄλλην, “ καὶ διδάσκων παράδειγμα αὐτοῖς ἐγίνετο εὐσταθοῦς βίου, οἰκονομοῦντος μὴ εἰκῆ μηδʼ ἀκαίρως καὶ ἀλόγως ὁμόσε χωρεῖν τοῖς κινδύνοις· τοῦτο πάλιν κακουργῶν ὁ Κέλσος διαβάλλει, καί φησι πρὸς τὸν Ἰησοῦν ὁ παρʼ αὐτῷ Ἰουδαῖος ὅτι μετὰ τῶν μαθητῶν τῇδε κἀκεῖσε ἀποδιδράσκεις. ὅμοιον δὲ ᾗ πεποίηται κατὰ Ἰησοῦ καὶ τῶν μαθητῶν διαβολῇ φήσομεν εἶναι καὶ τὸ περὶ Ἀριστοτέλους ἱστορούμενον· οὗτος γὰρ ἰδὼν συγκροτεῖσθαι μέλλον κατʼ αὐτοῦ δικαστήριον ὡς κατὰ ἀσεβοῦς διά τινα δόγματα τῆς φιλοσοφίας αὐτοῦ, ἃ ἐνόμισαν εἶναι ἀσεβῆ Ἀθηναῖοι, ἀναχωρήσας ἀπὸ τῶν Ἀθηνῶν ἐν Χαλκίδι τὰς διατριβὰς ἐποιήσατο, ἀπολογησάμενος τοῖς γνωρίμοις καὶ λέγων· „ἀπίωμεν ἀπὸ τῶν Ἀθηνῶν, ἵνα μὴ πρόφασιν δῶμεν Ἀθηναίοις τοῦ δεύτερον ἄγος ἀναλαβεῖν παραπλήσιον τῷ κατὰ Σωκράτους, καὶ ἵνα μὴ δεύτερον εἰς φιλοσοφίαν ἀσεβήσωσι.“ φησὶ δὲ τὸν Ἰησοῦν μετὰ τῶν μαθητῶν αἰσχρῶς καὶ γλίσχρως τὰς τροφὰς συλλέγοντα περιεληλυθέναι. πόθεν λαβὼν, ἀπαγγελλέτω, τὸ αἰσχρὸν καὶ τὸ γλίσχρον τῆς συλλογῆς· ἐν γὰρ τοῖς εὐαγγελίοις „γυναῖκές τινες, “ „τεθεραπευμέναι ἀπὸ“ τῶν „ἀσθενειῶν“ αὐτῶν, ἐν αἷς ἦν καὶ „Σουσάννα“, παρεῖχον τοῖς μαθηταῖς „ἐκ τῶν ὑπαρχόντων αὐταῖς“ τροφάς. τίς δὲ τῶν φιλοσοφούντων καὶ ἀνακειμένων ὠφελίᾳ γνωρίμων οὐκ ἀπʼ αὐτῶν ἐλάμβανε τὰ πρὸς τὰς χρείας; ἢ ἐκεῖνοι μὲν τοῦτο καθηκόντως ἐποίουν καὶ καλῶς, ἐπὰν δʼ οἱ Ἰησοῦ μαθηταὶ πράττωσιν αὐτὸ, κατηγοροῦνται ὑπὸ Κέλσου ὡς αἰσχρῶς καὶ γλίσχρως συλλέγοντες τὰς τροφάς;
English · Claude translation
Since Jesus, teaching his disciples not to be rash, said to them, "If they persecute you in this city, flee to the other; and if they persecute you in the other, flee again to another," and, as he taught, became to them an example of a steady life, managed so as not to rush into dangers at random, out of season, and without reason, Celsus maliciously slanders this too, and his Jew says to Jesus: "You run away here and there with your disciples." We will say that the story told about Aristotle is like the slander made against Jesus and the disciples. For he, seeing that a court was about to be assembled against him as an impious man, because of certain doctrines of his philosophy which the Athenians thought impious, withdrew from Athens and held his school at Chalcis, defending himself to his pupils and saying: "Let us leave Athens, so as not to give the Athenians an occasion to incur a second guilt like that against Socrates, and so that they may not commit impiety against philosophy a second time." He also says that Jesus went about with his disciples gathering food in a shameful and beggarly way. Let him tell us where he got the shamefulness and beggarliness of the gathering. For in the Gospels "certain women," "healed of" their "infirmities," among whom was "Susanna," provided the disciples with food "from their own means." Which of those who philosophize and devote themselves to the benefit of their pupils did not receive from them what was needed? Or did they do this fittingly and well, while when Jesus' disciples do it they are accused by Celsus of gathering their food in a shameful and beggarly way?
About this passage
Notes
Translation notes
- The quotations are Matt 10:23 (in a form close to some manuscripts) and Luke 8:2–3. Aristotle's saying is reported by Aelian, Varia historia 3.36, and Diogenes Laertius 5.5–9.
Cite this passage
Origen, Cels. 1.65 (trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/origen-celsum/1/65/).
Plain text
Origen, Cels. 1.65 (trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/origen-celsum/1/65/).
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