Against Celsus 1.52

Summary: Habit and prejudice explain why many Jews rejected clear prophecies, just as Egyptians cling to their animal gods.

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Greek text · Koetschau 1:103–104

Χαλεπὸν γὰρ φιλονεικία καὶ πρόληψις πρὸς τὸ ποιῆσαι καὶ τοῖς ἐναργέσιν ἀντιβλέψαι, ἵνα μὴ καταλείψωσι δόγματα δευσοποιήσαντα, οἷς συνήθεις ἐγένοντό πως, καὶ ποιώσαντα αὐτῶν τὴν ψυχήν. καὶ εὐχερέστερόν γε ἄνθρωπος τὰς περὶ ἄλλα συνηθείας, κἂν δυσαποσπάστως αὐτῶν ἔχῃ, καταλείψαι ἂν ἢ τὰς περὶ τὰ δόγματα. πλὴν οὐδʼ ἐκεῖνα εὐχερῶς οἱ συνήθεις παρορῶσιν· οὕτως οὐδʼ οἰκίας οὐδὲ πόλεις ἢ κώμας οὐδὲ συνήθεις ἀνθρώπους εὐχερῶς βούλονται καταλιπεῖν οἱ προληφθέντες αὐτοῖς. τοῦτʼ οὖν αἴτιον γεγένηται καὶ Ἰουδαίων πολλοῖς τότε τοῦ ἀντιβλέψαι ταῖς ἐναργείαις τῶν τε προφητειῶν καὶ τῶν τεραστίων. ὧν ἐποίησε καὶ πεπονθέναι ἀναγέγραπται ὁ Ἰησοῦς. ὅτι δὲ τοιοῦτόν τι πέπονθεν ἡ ἀνθρωπίνη φύσις, δῆλον ἔσται τοῖς κατανοοῦσιν ὅτι οἱ ἅπαξ προληφθέντες καὶ ἐν αἰσχίσταις καὶ εἰκαίαις παραδόσεσι πατέρων καὶ πολιτῶν οὐκ εὐχερῶς μετατίθενται· οὐ ταχέως γοῦν Αἰγύπτιον πείσαι ἄν τις καταφρονῆσαι ὧν ἐκ πατέρων παρείληφεν, ὥστε μὴ νομίσαι θεὸν τόδε τὸ ἄλογον ζῷον ἢ μέχρι θανάτου φυλάξασθαι ἀπὸ τοῦδε τοῦ ζῴου κρεῶν γεύσασθαι. εἰ καὶ ἐπὶ πλεῖον οὖν τὸν τοιοῦτον λόγον ἐξετάζοντες τὰ περὶ Βηθλεὲμ καὶ τῆς περὶ αὐτῆς προφητείας διεξεληλύθαμεν, νομίζομεν ἀναγκαίως τοῦτο πεποιηκέναι, ἀπολογούμενοι πρὸς τοὺς φήσαντας ἂν ὅτι, εἰ οὕτως ἐναργεῖς ἦσαν αἱ περὶ τοῦ Ἰησοῦ παρὰ Ἰουδαίοις προφητεῖαι, τί δή ποτε ἐλθόντος αὐτοῦ οὐ συγκατέθεντο τῇ διδασκαλίᾳ αὐτοῦ καὶ μετέθεντο ἐπὶ τὰ ὑπὸ τοῦ Ἰησοῦ δεικνύμενα κρείττονα. μηδεὶς δʼ ἡμῶν τοῖς πιστεύουσι τὸ παραπλήσιον ὀνειδιζέτω. ὁρῶν ὅτι οὐκ εὐκαταφρόνητοι λόγοι ὑπὸ τῶν μεμαθηκότων αὐτοὺς πρεσβεύειν φέρονται περὶ τῆς εἰς τὸν Ἰησοῦν πίστεως.

English · Claude translation

For contentiousness and prejudice are hard things, able to make people shut their eyes even to what is evident, so as not to abandon doctrines that have dyed their souls deeply, to which they have somehow become accustomed, and which have given their souls their quality. A person would more easily abandon his habits in other things, even if he is hard to tear away from them, than those concerning doctrines. Yet not even those do people accustomed to them easily disregard; so those who have become attached to houses, or cities, or villages, or familiar people are not willing to leave them easily. This, then, was the cause for many of the Jews at that time of shutting their eyes to the evidence both of the prophecies and of the wonders that Jesus is recorded to have done and suffered. That human nature is affected in this way will be clear to those who observe that people once prepossessed, even by the most shameful and senseless traditions of their fathers and fellow citizens, are not easily changed. One would not quickly persuade an Egyptian, at any rate, to despise what he has received from his fathers, so as not to regard such-and-such an irrational animal as a god, or not to guard himself even to death against tasting the flesh of such-and-such an animal. If, then, examining this argument at greater length, we have gone through the matters concerning Bethlehem and the prophecy about it, we think we have done so necessarily, answering those who might say: if the prophecies about Jesus among the Jews were so clear, why, when he came, did they not assent to his teaching and change over to the better things Jesus showed? But let no one reproach us believers with something similar, seeing that no contemptible arguments are brought forward about faith in Jesus by those who have learned to uphold them.

About this passage

Source
Koetschau 1:103–104 · Paul Koetschau, ed., Origenes Werke 1–2: Gegen Celsus, GCS 2–3 (Leipzig: Hinrichs, 1899) · Greek text: P. Koetschau, Origenes Werke 1–2 (GCS 2–3, 1899), digitized by the Perseus Digital Library and published by the First Thousand Years of Greek project (Open Greek and Latin), CC BY-SA 4.0
Text
As printed in Koetschau, GCS 2–3. Manuscript variants and the editor's apparatus are not reproduced; no textual problem is noted in this passage.
Translation
Claude translation (claude-opus-5-5), 2026-09-27 · Translated by Claude from the Greek text of Koetschau, GCS 2–3; made independently of existing English translations.
Compare
Ante-Nicene Fathers, vol. 4 (1885) (an older public-domain English translation, whole volume at CCEL; checked against ours only after ours was made)

Notes

Notes on the original text

  • Digital text corrected (word wrongly split in the digital text): κα ταλείψωσι → καταλείψωσι.

Cite this passage

Origen, Cels. 1.52 (trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/origen-celsum/1/52/).

Plain text
Origen, Cels. 1.52 (trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/origen-celsum/1/52/).

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