Against Celsus 1.2

Summary: Christianity's Jewish origins are "barbarian," but its truth rests on a divine demonstration of the Spirit (prophecy) and of power (miracles still seen).

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Greek text · Koetschau 1:57

Ἑξῆς βάρβαρόν φησιν ἄνωθεν εἶναι τὸ δόγμα, δηλονότι τὸν ἰουδαϊσμὸν, οὗ χριστιανισμὸς ἤρτηται. καὶ εὐγνωμόνως γε οὐκ ὀνειδίζει ἐπὶ τῇ ἀπὸ βαρβάρων ἀρχῇ τῷ λόγῳ, ἐπαινῶν ὡς ἱκανοὺς εὑρεῖν δόγματα τοὺς βαρβάρους· προστίθησι δὲ τούτοις ὅτι κρῖναι καὶ βεβαιώσασθαι καὶ ἀσκῆσαι πρὸς ἀρετὴν τὰ ὑπὸ βαρβάρων εὑρεθέντα ἀμείνονές εἰσιν Ἕλληνες. τοῦτʼ οὖν ἡμῖν ἐστιν ἐκ τῶν ὑπʼ αὐτοῦ λεγομένων εἰς ἀπολογίαν περὶ τῶν ἐν χριστιανισμῷ κειμένων, ὄντων ἀληθῶν, ὅτι ἀπὸ Ἑλληνικῶν τις δογμάτων καὶ γυμνασίων ἐλθὼν ἐπὶ τὸν λόγον οὐ μόνον κρίνοι ἂν αὐτὰ ἀληθῆ ἀλλὰ καὶ ἀσκήσας κατασκευάσαι ἂν καὶ τὸ δοκοῦν ἐλλιπὲς ὡς πρὸς Ἑλληνικὴν ἀπόδειξιν ἀναπληρώσαι, κατασκευάζων τὴν χριστιανισμοῦ ἀληθότητα. λεκτέον δʼ ἔτι πρὸς τοῦτο ὅτι ἔστι τις οἰκεία ἀπόδειξις τοῦ λόγου, θειοτέρα παρὰ τὴν ἀπὸ διαλεκτικῆς Ἑλληνικήν. ταύτην δὲ τὴν θειοτέραν ὁ ἀπόστολος ὀνομάζει ἀπόδειξιν „πνεύματος καὶ δυνάμεως.“ [ὡς] „πνεύματος“ μὲν διὰ τὰς προφητείας ἱκανὰς πιστοποιῆσαι τὸν ἐντυγχάνοντα μάλιστα εἰς τὰ περὶ τοῦ Χριστοῦ, „δυνάμεως“ δὲ διὰ τὰς τεραστίους δυνάμεις, ἃς κατασκευαστέον γεγονέναι καὶ ἐκ πολλῶν μὲν ἄλλων καὶ ἐκ τοῦ ἴχνη δὲ αὐτῶν ἔτι σῴζεσθαι παρὰ τοῖς κατὰ τὸ βούλημα τοῦ λόγου βιοῦσι.

English · Claude translation

Next he says that the doctrine—evidently Judaism, on which Christianity depends—was barbarian in origin. And fairly enough he does not reproach the teaching for its barbarian origin, but praises the barbarians as capable of discovering doctrines; he adds, however, that the Greeks are better at judging, establishing, and putting into practice for virtue what the barbarians discovered. From what he says, then, we have this for the defense of what is contained in Christianity, since it is true: someone who comes to the teaching from Greek doctrines and training would not only judge it true, but by practicing it would also establish it and supply what seems lacking from the standpoint of Greek demonstration, establishing the truth of Christianity. We must say further that the teaching has a demonstration of its own, more divine than Greek demonstration from dialectic. This more divine one the apostle calls the demonstration "of the Spirit and of power": "of the Spirit" because of the prophecies, which are able to convince the reader, above all in what concerns Christ; and "of power" because of the wonderful mighty works, which can be shown to have happened from many other proofs and also because traces of them are still preserved among those who live according to the will of the Word.

About this passage

Source
Koetschau 1:57 · Paul Koetschau, ed., Origenes Werke 1–2: Gegen Celsus, GCS 2–3 (Leipzig: Hinrichs, 1899) · Greek text: P. Koetschau, Origenes Werke 1–2 (GCS 2–3, 1899), digitized by the Perseus Digital Library and published by the First Thousand Years of Greek project (Open Greek and Latin), CC BY-SA 4.0
Text
As printed in Koetschau, GCS 2–3. Manuscript variants and the editor's apparatus are not reproduced; no textual problem is noted in this passage.
Translation
Claude translation (claude-opus-5-5), 2026-09-27 · Translated by Claude from the Greek text of Koetschau, GCS 2–3; made independently of existing English translations.
Compare
Ante-Nicene Fathers, vol. 4 (1885) (an older public-domain English translation, whole volume at CCEL; checked against ours only after ours was made)
Scripture
Topics
Scripture and canon

Notes

Translation notes

  • The quotation is 1 Cor 2:4. The bracketed [ὡς] is deleted by the editor. λόγος here is the Christian "teaching" or "word"; at the end it may also mean Christ the Word.

Cite this passage

Origen, Cels. 1.2 (trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/origen-celsum/1/2/).

Plain text
Origen, Cels. 1.2 (trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/origen-celsum/1/2/).

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