Homilies on the Gospel of Matthew 6.8
Greek text: Field 1839.English: Claude (claude-opus-5-5), public domain (CC0). Compare: Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers, series 1, vol. 10 (1888).
Chapter 6
6.8Field 1
Μὴ γάρ μοι τοῦτο εἴπης» ὅτι ὑπόκρισίς ἐστι τὰ γινόμενα. ἡ γὰρ ὑπόκρισις αὕτη πολλοὺς εἰργάσατο μοιχοὺς, καὶ πολλὰς ἀνέτρεψεν οἰκίας. Καὶ διὰ Τοῦτο μάλιστα στένω, ὅτι οὐδὲ δοκεῖ πονηρὸν εἶναι τὸ Ὁ γινόμενον, ἀλλὰ καὶ κρότοι καὶ κραυγὴ καὶ γέλως πολὺς, μοιχείας τολμωμένης τοσαύτης. Τί λέγεις : ; , ὑπόκρισις τὰ γινόμενα: αὐτὸ μὲν οὗν τοῦτο μυρίων ἂν εἶεν ἐκεῖνοι θανάτων ἄξιοι, ὅτι ἃ {γν οἱ νόμοι κελεύουσιν ἅπαντες, ταῦτα μιμεῖσθαι ἑσπουδώκασιν ἐκεῖνοι. Εἰ γὰρ αὐτὸ κακὸν, καὶ ἢ μίμησις τούτον κακον. Βαὶ οὕπω λέγω, πόσους ἐργάονται μοιχοὺς οἱ τὰ τοιαῦτα τῆς μοιχείας ὑποκρινόμανοι ράματα, πῶς ἰταμοὺς καὶ ἀναισχύντους κατασκευάζουσι τοὺς τῶν τοιούτων θεωροῦν οὐδὲν γὰρ πορνικώτερον καὶ ἰτάμώτερον ὀφθαλμοὺ τοιαυτα βλέπειν ἀνεχομένου. Σὺ δὲ ἐν αὙορᾷ μὲν οὐκ ἂν ἕλοιο γυναῖκα Ὑυμνουμένην ἰδεῖν, μάλλον δὲ οὐδὲ ἐν οἰκίᾳ. ἀλλὰ καὶ ὕβριν τὸ πρᾶγμα καλεῖς ἐπὶ δὲ τὸ θέατρον ἀναβαίνεις, ἵ ἵνα τὸ κοινὸν τών ἀνδρῶν καὶ τῶν γυναικῶν ἐνυβρίσῃς γένος, καὶ τοὺς σαντοῦ αἰσχύνῃς ὀφθαλμούς: : Μὴ γὰρ δὴ τοῦτο εἴπης, ὅτι πόρνη ἐστὶν η γυμνουμένη, ἀλλ᾽ ὅτι ἡ αὐτὴ φύσις καὶ ᾿σώῶμα τὸ αὐτὸ καὶ τῆς πόρνης καὶ τῆς , ἐλευθέρας. Εἰ γὰρ οὐδὲν ἄ ἄτοπον τοῦτο, τίνος ἕνεκεν ἐπ᾽ αγορᾶς ἂν ἴδης τοῦτο γινόμενον, καὶ αὐτὸς ἀποπηδᾷς, καὶ τὴν ἀσχημονοῦσαν ἐλαύνεις ἢ ὅταν μὲν διηρημένοι ὦ ὦμεν, τότε ἄτοπον τὸ τοιοῦτον ὅταν δὲ ᾿συνηγπε υδι καὶ πάντες ομοῦ καθήμενοι, οὐκάτι ὁμοίως αἰσχρόν : ᾿Αλλὰ γέλως ταῦτα καὶ ὄνειδος, καὶ ἐσχάτης παραπληξίας βήματα καὶ βέλτιον πηλῷ καὶ βορβόρῳ τὴν ὄψιν ἀναχρῶσαι πᾶσαν, ἥ τοιαύτην θεωρῆσαι παρανομίαν. Οὔτε γὰρ οὕτως ὀφθαλμῳ βλαβη βόρβορος, ὡς ἀκόλαστος ὄψις, καὶ γεγυμνωμένης γυναικὸς θεωρία. Ἄκουσον γοὺν τί τὴν γύμνωσιν ἐποίησεν ἐξ ἀρχῆς, καὶ φοβήθητι τῆς τοιαύτης ἀσχημοσύνης τὴν ὑπόθεσιν. Τί οὖν ἐποίησε τὴν γύμνωσιν, Ἡ παρακοὴ, καὶ ἡ τοῦ διαβόλον συμβουλή. Οὕτως ἄνωθεν καὶ ἐξ ἀρχῆς ἐκείνου τοῦτο γέγονε τὸ ἐπιτήδευμα. ᾿Αλλ᾽ ἐκεῖνοι μὲν κἂν ἤσχύνοντο γυμνοὶ ὄντες ὑμεῖς δὲ καὶ ἐγκαλλωπίπριν κατὰ τὸ ἀποστολικὸν ἐκεῖνο, 3 ἐν τῇ αἰσχύνῃ τὴν όξαν ἔ ἔχοντες. Πῶς οὖν ὄψεταί σε λοιπὸν ἡ γυνὴ ἀπὸ τῆς τοιαύτης ἐπανελθόντα παρανομίας; πῶς δέξεται : : πῶς προσερεῖ, οὕτως ἀτίμως τὸ κοινὸν τῆς γυναικείας παραδευγματίσαντα φύσεως, καὶ αἰχμάλωτον ὑπὸ τῆς τοιαύτης ὄψεως καὶ δοῦλον γεγενημένον τῆς πορνευθείσης ψυναικός; Εἰ δὲ ἀλγεῖτε ταῦτα ἀκούοντες, χάριν ὑμῖν ἔχω πολλήν 5 τίς γάρ ἐστιν ὁ εὐφραίνων με. εἰ μὴ ὁ λυπούμενος ἐξ ἐ ἐμοῦ 2 Μὴ δὴ παύσησθέ ποτε στένοντες ἐπὶ τούτοις καὶ δακνόμενοι καὶ γὰρ προοίμιον ὑμῖν ἔσται τῆς ἐπὶ τὰ κρείττω μεταβολῆς ἡ ἐκ τῶν τοιούτων ὀδύνη. Διὰ τοῦτο καγὼ δρότερον τὸν λόγον ἐποιησάμην, ἵνα βαθυτέραν δοὺς τὴν τομὴν, ἀπαλλάξω τῆς σηπεδόνος τῶν μεθυσκόντων ὑμᾶς ἵνα πρὸς καθαρὰν ἐπαναγάγω ψυχῆς ὑγείαν' ἧς γένοιτο πάντας ἡμᾶς ἀπολαύοντας διὰ πα ντῶν, καὶ τῶν κειμένων ἐπάθλων τοῖς κατορθώμασι τούτοις ἐπιτυχεῖν, χάριτι καὶ φιλανθρωπίᾳ τοῦ κυρίου ἡμῶν Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ, ᾧ ἡ δόξα καὶ τὸ κράτος εἰς τοὺς αἰῶνας τῶν αἰώνων. ᾿Αμῆν.
Mē gar moi touto eipēs» hoti hypokrisis esti ta ginomena. hē gar hypokrisis hautē pollous eirgasato moichous, kai pollas anetrepsen oikias. Kai dia Touto malista stenō, hoti oude dokei ponēron einai to Ho ginomenon, alla kai krotoi kai kraugē kai gelōs polys, moicheias tolmōmenēs tosautēs. Ti legeis : ? , hypokrisis ta ginomena: auto men houn touto myriōn an eien ekeinoi thanatōn axioi, hoti ha {gn hoi nomoi keleuousin hapantes, tauta mimeisthai hespoudōkasin ekeinoi. Ei gar auto kakon, kai ē mimēsis touton kakon. Bai houpō legō, posous ergaontai moichous hoi ta toiauta tēs moicheias hypokrinomanoi ramata, pōs itamous kai anaischyntous kataskeuazousi tous tōn toioutōn theōroun ouden gar pornikōteron kai itamōteron ophthalmou toiauta blepein anechomenou. Sy de en haUorą men ouk an heloio gynaika Hyymnoumenēn idein, mallon de oude en oikią. alla kai hybrin to pragma kaleis epi de to theatron anabaineis, hi hina to koinon tōn andrōn kai tōn gynaikōn enybrisę̄s genos, kai tous santou aischynę̄s ophthalmous: : Mē gar dē touto eipēs, hoti pornē estin ē gymnoumenē, all᾽ hoti hē autē physis kai ᾿sōōma to auto kai tēs pornēs kai tēs , eleutheras. Ei gar ouden a atopon touto, tinos heneken ep᾽ agoras an idēs touto ginomenon, kai autos apopēdąs, kai tēn aschēmonousan elauneis ē hotan men diērēmenoi ō ōmen, tote atopon to toiouton hotan de ᾿synēgpe ydi kai pantes omou kathēmenoi, oukati homoiōs aischron : ᾿Alla gelōs tauta kai oneidos, kai eschatēs paraplēxias bēmata kai beltion pēlǭ kai borborǭ tēn opsin anachrōsai pasan, hē toiautēn theōrēsai paranomian. Oute gar houtōs ophthalmǭ blabē borboros, hōs akolastos opsis, kai gegymnōmenēs gynaikos theōria. Akouson goun ti tēn gymnōsin epoiēsen ex archēs, kai phobēthēti tēs toiautēs aschēmosynēs tēn hypothesin. Ti oun epoiēse tēn gymnōsin, Hē parakoē, kai hē tou diabolon symboulē. Houtōs anōthen kai ex archēs ekeinou touto gegone to epitēdeuma. ᾿All᾽ ekeinoi men kan ēschynonto gymnoi ontes hymeis de kai enkallōpiprin kata to apostolikon ekeino, 3 en tę̄ aischynę̄ tēn oxan e echontes. Pōs oun opsetai se loipon hē gynē apo tēs toiautēs epanelthonta paranomias? pōs dexetai : : pōs proserei, houtōs atimōs to koinon tēs gynaikeias paradeugmatisanta physeōs, kai aichmalōton hypo tēs toiautēs opseōs kai doulon gegenēmenon tēs porneutheisēs psynaikos? Ei de algeite tauta akouontes, charin hymin echō pollēn 5 tis gar estin ho euphrainōn me. ei mē ho lypoumenos ex e emou 2 Mē dē pausēsthe pote stenontes epi toutois kai daknomenoi kai gar prooimion hymin estai tēs epi ta kreittō metabolēs hē ek tōn toioutōn odynē. Dia touto kagō droteron ton logon epoiēsamēn, hina bathyteran dous tēn tomēn, apallaxō tēs sēpedonos tōn methyskontōn hymas hina pros katharan epanagagō psychēs hygeian' hēs genoito pantas hēmas apolauontas dia pa ntōn, kai tōn keimenōn epathlōn tois katorthōmasi toutois epitychein, chariti kai philanthrōpią tou kyriou hēmōn Iēsou Christou, hǭ hē doxa kai to kratos eis tous aiōnas tōn aiōnōn. ᾿Amēn.
For do not tell me that what is done is acting. For this acting has made many adulterers and overturned many households. And I groan above all for this, that what is done does not even seem to be wicked, but there is applause and shouting and much laughter while so great an adultery is being dared. What are you saying? That what is done is acting? For this very reason they would deserve countless deaths, that what all the laws command us to flee, these men have been eager to imitate. For if the thing itself is evil, the imitation of it too is evil. And I do not yet say how many adulterers are made by those who act such dramas of adultery, how bold and shameless they make those who watch such things; for nothing is more lewd and bold than an eye that bears to look at such things. In the marketplace you would not choose to see a woman stripped, nor even at home, but you call the thing an insult; yet you go up to the theater to insult the common race of men and women and to shame your own eyes? For do not tell me that the one stripped is a harlot; for the nature is the same and the body the same, of the harlot and of the free woman. For if this is nothing improper, why, if you see it done in the marketplace, do you leap away yourself and drive off the woman behaving indecently? Or is such a thing improper when we are apart, but when we are gathered and all sitting together, no longer equally shameful? But these things are a laughingstock and a disgrace, the words of utter madness; and it would be better to smear the whole face with clay and mud than to watch such lawlessness. For mud does not so harm the eye as an unchaste look and the sight of a woman stripped. Hear, at any rate, what produced nakedness at the beginning, and fear the cause of such indecency. What then produced nakedness? Disobedience and the devil's counsel. So from the beginning and from the first this practice was his. But they were ashamed when they were naked; while you even pride yourselves, according to that apostolic saying, “having your glory in your shame.” How then will your wife look at you after this, when you come back from such lawlessness? How will she receive you? How will she address you, when you have so dishonorably made a public show of the common nature of women and have become a captive of such a sight and a slave of the harlot? And if you are pained hearing these things, I am very grateful to you: “For who is it that makes me glad but the one who is pained by me?” Never cease, then, groaning over these things and being stung; for the pain from such things will be for you the beginning of the change for the better. That is why I too made the discourse sharper, so that by making a deeper incision I might free you from the rottenness of those who intoxicate you, and bring you back to pure health of soul; which may we all enjoy through everything, and obtain the prizes laid up for these achievements, by the grace and lovingkindness of our Lord Jesus Christ, to whom be glory and might to the ages of ages. Amen.
Phil 3:19 (quotation, high confidence) · 2 Cor 2:2 (quotation, high confidence) · Gen 3:7 (allusion, high confidence) · Gen 2:25 (allusion, medium confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Closing exhortation of Homily 6: the theater's mimed adulteries and naked performers corrupt spectators and households; nakedness began with disobedience; Chrysostom wounds his hearers deliberately to heal them.
- Quotations: Phil 3:19; 2 Cor 2:2. Allusions: Gen 3:7–11. Migne's section 7 falls inside 6.6 (its numeral was lost in the OCR). Polemic against the theater translated as written; 'adultery' renders μοιχεία.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (OCR debris (stray marks or marginal letters)): Δι αὐτὸ → αὐτὸ; Β αὐτὸς → αὐτὸς; Ω ἐκ → ἐκ; σ δρότερον → δρότερον.
Cite (SBL): Chrysostom, Hom. Matt. 6.8 (Field 1; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/chrysostom-hom-matthaeum/6-8/#p-6-8). (abbreviation not yet checked)
BibTeX · RIS (whole work; this passage's key: sophiascriptura-chrysostom-hom-matthaeum-6-8) · Report an error
Translation: Translated by Claude from the Greek of Field's edition (Cambridge 1839; OCR, slips and apparatus sigla removed as logged corrections; gaps from Migne PG 57–58 where noted) and compared afterwards with NPNF¹ 10.